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Produ？？o de edifica？？es sustentáveis: desafios e alternativas
Salgado, M？nica Santos;Chatelet, Alain;Fernandez, Pierre;
Ambiente Construído , 2012, DOI: 10.1590/S1678-86212012000400007
Abstract: the discussion around sustainable design and construction has been addressed by different authors, mostly focused on building performance and life cycle of materials. however, the adoption of environmental performance requirements of buildings depends also on the introduction of changes in the organization and management of the building design process. this article presents the results of a research project, which aimed to evaluate how the incorporation of sustainable requirements is affecting the practices adopted in architecture and engineering design . considering the influence of france on brazilian architects, particularly due to the adoption of the aqua method (adapted from hqe？french method) by some brazilian companies, this investigation was carried out with french companies. the results indicate that the improvement of design process depends on the establishment of a management system that could help professionals to deal with a large number of requirements related to sustainable buildings. they also point out that it is necessary to revise the schemes adopted so far, in order to make it possible the introduction of the interoperability between different design professionals, from the beginning of architecture conceptual phase, which should become responsibility of the whole design team.
The exenatide analogue AC3174 attenuates hypertension, insulin resistance, and renal dysfunction in Dahl salt-sensitive rats
Que Liu, Lisa Adams, Anatoly Broyde, Rayne Fernandez, Alain D Baron, David G Parkes
Cardiovascular Diabetology , 2010, DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-9-32
Abstract: DSS rats were fed low salt (LS, 0.3% NaCl) or high salt (HS, 8% NaCl) diets. HS rats were treated with vehicle, AC3174 (1.7 pmol/kg/min), or GLP-1 (25 pmol/kg/min) for 4 weeks via subcutaneous infusion. Other HS rats received captopril (150 mg/kg/day) or AC3174 plus captopril.HS rat survival was improved by all treatments except GLP-1. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was lower in LS rats and in GLP-1, AC3174, captopril, or AC3174 plus captopril HS rats than in vehicle HS rats (p < 0.05). AC3174 plus captopril attenuated the deleterious effects of high salt on posterior wall thickness, LV mass, and the ratio of LV mass to body weight (P ≤ 0.05). In contrast, GLP-1 had no effect on these cardiovascular parameters. All treatments reduced LV wall stress. GLP-1, AC3174, captopril, or AC3174 plus captopril normalized fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (P ≤ 0.05). AC3174, captopril, or AC3174 plus captopril improved renal function (P ≤ 0.05). Renal morphology in HS rats was associated with extensive sclerosis. Monotherapy with AC3174, captopril, or GLP-1 attenuated renal damage. However, AC3174 plus captopril produced the most effective improvement.Thus, AC3174 had antihypertensive, cardioprotective, insulin-sensitizing, and renoprotective effects in the DSS hypertensive rat model. Furthermore, AC3174 improved animal survival, an effect not observed with GLP-1.Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death in the United States.1 In 2003, ~65 million adults had diagnosed hypertension, a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease and kidney failure [1,2]. Congestive heart failure with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction is often found in patients with hypertension [2-6]. In fact, hypertension is the strongest risk factor for heart failure. The transition from LV wall hypertrophy compensatory for abnormal wall stress to overt heart failure has long been recognized, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. However, it is known that during this transition insulin r
Glucagon-like peptide-1 and the exenatide analogue AC3174 improve cardiac function, cardiac remodeling, and survival in rats with chronic heart failure
Que Liu, Christen Anderson, Anatoly Broyde, Clara Polizzi, Rayne Fernandez, Alain Baron, David G Parkes
Cardiovascular Diabetology , 2010, DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-9-76
Abstract: Two weeks post-MI, male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with GLP-1 (2.5 or 25 pmol/kg/min), AC3174 (1.7 or 5 pmol/kg/min) or vehicle via subcutaneous infusion for 11 weeks. Cardiac function and morphology were assessed by echocardiography during treatment. Metabolic, hemodynamic, exercise-capacity, and body composition measurements were made at study end.Compared with vehicle-treated rats with CHF, GLP-1 or AC3174 significantly improved cardiac function, including left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, and end diastolic pressure. Cardiac dimensions also improved as evidenced by reduced LV end diastolic and systolic volumes and reduced left atrial volume. Vehicle-treated CHF rats exhibited fasting hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. In contrast, GLP-1 or AC3174 normalized fasting plasma insulin and glucose levels. GLP-1 or AC3174 also significantly reduced body fat and fluid mass and improved exercise capacity and respiratory efficiency. Four of 16 vehicle control CHF rats died during the study compared with 1 of 44 rats treated with GLP-1 or AC3174. The cellular mechanism by which GLP-1 or AC3174 exert cardioprotective effects appears unrelated to changes in GLUT1 or GLUT4 translocation or expression.Chronic treatment with either GLP-1 or AC3174 showed promising cardioprotective effects in a rat model of CHF. Hence, GLP-1 receptor agonists may represent a novel approach for the treatment of patients with CHF or cardiovascular disease associated with type 2 diabetes.Glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) (GLP-1) is an endogenous incretin hormone that modulates insulin-mediated effects on glucose uptake and metabolism [1-3]. GLP-1 receptors are found in the heart, and several lines of evidence suggest GLP-1 may have cardioprotective benefits [4]. Therapeutic use of GLP-1 is limited by its rapid degradation by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). Exenatide, a synthetic version of the 39-amino acid peptide exendin-4 not susceptible to cleavage by DPP-4, was originally isolated fr
Sensory defects in Necdin deficient mice result from a loss of sensory neurons correlated within an increase of developmental programmed cell death
David Andrieu, Hamid Meziane, Fabienne Marly, Corinne Angelats, Pierre-Alain Fernandez, Fran？oise Muscatelli
BMC Developmental Biology , 2006, DOI: 10.1186/1471-213x-6-56
Abstract: We report sensory differences in Necdin deficient mice compared to wild type animals. These differences led us to investigate sensory neuron development in Necdin deficient mouse embryos. First, we describe the expression pattern of Necdin in developing DRGs and report a reduction of one-third in specified sensory neurons in dorsal roots ganglia and show that this neuronal loss is achieved by E13.5, when DRGs sensory neurons are specified. In parallel, we observed an increase of 41% in neuronal apoptosis during the wave of naturally occurring cell death at E12.5. Since it is assumed that Necdin is a P75NTR interactor, we looked at the P75NTR-expressing cell population in Necdin knock-out embryos. Unexpectedly, Necdin loss of function has no effect on p75NTR expressing neurons suggesting no direct genetic interaction between Necdin and P75NTR in this context.Although we exclude a role of Necdin in axonal outgrowth from spinal sensory neurons in early developmental stages; such a role could occur later in neuronal differentiation. Finally we also exclude an anti-proliferative role of Necdin in developing sensory neurons.Overall, our data show clearly that, in early development of the nervous system, Necdin is an anti-apoptotic or survival factor.Molecules that orchestrate the cell cycle have to interact with extrinsic signals to trigger neural cell specification and differentiation [1,2]. Discovered 15 years ago, NECDIN (Neurally differentiated Embryonal Carcinoma-Derived proteIN, [3]), possesses all the characteristics of such a molecule as described in the literature [4,5]. Necdin belongs to the type II MAGE (Melanoma Antigen Gene Expression) gene family, all of whose members share a MAGE Homology Domain (MHD) of an as yet unknown function [5,6].Different roles, mainly based on in vitro studies, have been assigned to Necdin. The mouse Necdin protein was first defined as a "growth-suppressor" that could facilitate the cell cycle exit and the maintenance of the neuron
Modeling temporal networks using random itineraries
Alain Barrat,Bastien Fernandez,Kevin K Lin,Lai-Sang Young
Computer Science , 2013, DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.158702
Abstract: We propose a procedure to generate dynamical networks with bursty, possibly repetitive and correlated temporal behaviors. Regarding any weighted directed graph as being composed of the accumulation of paths between its nodes, our construction uses random walks of variable length to produce time-extended structures with adjustable features. The procedure is first described in a general framework. It is then illustrated in a case study inspired by a transportation system for which the resulting synthetic network is shown to accurately mimic the empirical phenomenology.
Carnot Factor of a Vapour Power Cycle with Regenerative Extraction  [PDF]
Duparquet Alain
Journal of Modern Physics (JMP) , 2017, DOI: 10.4236/jmp.2017.811107
Abstract: The present paper describes the energy analysis of a regenerative vapour power system. The regenerative steam turbines based on the Rankine cycle and comprised of vapour extractions have been used industrially since the beginning of the 20th century, particularly regarding the processes of electrical production. After having performed worked in the first stages of the turbine, part of the vapour is directed toward a regenerative exchanger and heats feedwater coming from the condenser. This process is known as regeneration, and the heat exchanger where the heat is transferred from steam is called a regenerator (or a feedwater heater). The profit in the output brought by regenerative rakings is primarily enabled by the lack of exchange of the tapped vapour reheating water with the low-temperature reservoir. The economic optimum is often fixed at seven extractions. One knows the Carnot relation, which is the best possible theoretical yield of a dual-temperature cycle; in a Carnot cycle, one makes the assumption that both compressions and expansions are isentropic. This article studies an ideal theoretical machine comprised of vapour extractions in which each cycle partial of tapped vapour obeys these same compressions and isentropic expansions.
Essay on Playfulness and Play in Children’s Art Class: A Reflection Based on Winnicott  [PDF]
Alain Savoie
Creative Education (CE) , 2019, DOI: 10.4236/ce.2019.102024
Abstract: From a survey of literature, this article presents some reflections about the value of play and playfulness as, respectively, an activity and a creative attitude of mind to be fostered in art education in children. Indeed, at the heart of any artistic creative impulse sits a playful attitude of the artist towards reality—a feature that has been highlighted by the psychoanalyst Winnicott. Following his line of thought, we propose that the art teacher must place the learner in a position of being able to play with her/him, in order to overlap their two areas of playing and establish a learning space. Playfulness and play tend to be confused with impulsive and disruptive behaviours and generally more tolerated at home then school. We claim that artistic activities in school should always be play-based and take place in a playful environment because art and creation emerge from and grow in and as play.
Hip Arthroscopy in Children under the Age of Ten  [PDF]
Oliver Eberhardt, Thomas Wirth, Francisco Fernandez Fernandez
Open Journal of Orthopedics (OJO) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/ojo.2013.31009
Abstract: Arthroscopic hip surgery has become an established diagnostic and therapeutic method for addressing different hip pathologies. This paper focuses on hip arthroscopy for treating hip disorders in children under the age of 10. Arthroscopic hip surgery was performed 30 times on 24 children to address various hip pathologies. Indications were septic arthritis, benign soft tissue tumors, traumatic and congenital hip dislocation, juvenile idiopathic arthritis and osteochondroma of the acetabulum. Diagnostic arthroscopy was technically feasible in all cases. All cases of septic arthritis were successful treated using arthroscopic lavage and antibiotics. In the miscellaneous cases (benign fibrous tumor, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, osteochondroma congenital hip dislocations and traumatic hip dislocation) 4 hips had additional open surgery including surgical dislocation with synovectomy, open reduction and stabilization of the fractured posterior rim of the acetabulum, acetabulopasty and open resection of an osteochondroma with acetabuloplasty. In conclusion arthroscopic hip surgery is an additional diagnostic and therapeutic method that is suitable for treating different hip pathologies in children under the age of 10. Primary treatment of septic arthritis can be done easy by hip arthroscopy. Using cannulated mini arthroscopic hip instruments (2.7 mm), the range of application can be expanded to include treatment of very young infants. Hip arthroscopy can reduce the need of open surgery but cannot replace bony procedures in hip surgery.
Design of a Performance Measurement Framework for Cloud Computing  [PDF]
Luis Bautista, Alain Abran, Alain April
Journal of Software Engineering and Applications (JSEA) , 2012, DOI: 10.4236/jsea.2012.52011
Abstract: Cloud Computing is an emerging technology for processing and storing very large amounts of data. Sometimes anomalies and defects affect part of the cloud infrastructure, resulting in a performance degradation of the cloud. This paper proposes a performance measurement framework for Cloud Computing systems, which integrates software quality concepts from ISO 25010.
Upgrading Tests Using PSIM Tool of MPPT-PV Feedback-Current Controller  [PDF]
Herman Enrique Fernandez Hernandez
Energy and Power Engineering (EPE) , 2016, DOI: 10.4236/epe.2016.84022
Abstract: This paper presents improvement tests based in a feedback-current controller designed to Tracking Maximum Power Point in photovoltaic system (MPPT-PV). Previously, a version was developed exhibiting results satisfactory in simulation and through of a low cost prototype. Now, using a sophisticated physical model of solar cell available in PSIM program is shown other cases, considering variations both irradiation and temperature to evaluate successfully the controller. The results show that its system is suitable under dynamical changing atmospheric conditions operating with effectiveness acceptable.
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